Russia-Ukraine war
It is Nato's most comprehensive plan since the end of the Cold War in 1991, says Malcolm Chalmers, deputy-director of the think tank, the Royal United Services Institute. "When the Soviet Union collapsed, the threat of a major war disappeared almost entirely," he says. "But the 2014 annexation of Crimea, and the current Ukraine war, means the threat is real again - especially for countries like the Baltic republics."