Russia has a new, enormous hypersonic missile armed submarine. But keep calm

“By 2020, the Russian navy had received just 33 percent of the frigates planned under Russia’s State Armament Program for 2011 to 2020, and only 20 percent of the corvettes,” analyst Sidharth Kaushal wrote in a 2022 report for Royal United Services Institute in London. “This reflects several deficiencies in Russia’s maritime sector,” Kaushal added. Leaving aside foreign sanctions, Russian shipbuilders also suffer from a lack of computer-aided design, bloated managerial structures and a tendency to build ships from the hull up instead of in smaller modules – a more efficient approach that all other major naval powers adopted years ago.