Project Sandstone Report 6: The Phantom Fleet: North Korea’s Smugglers in Chinese Waters

The Tae Pyong in Nampo

The Tae Pyong in Nampo / Maxar Technologies


A large fleet of North Korean cargo ships continues to deliver coal to China in contravention of UN Security Council resolutions, in what appears to be a large-scale, coordinated effort to evade sanctions imposed on the country over its nuclear weapons and ballistic missile programmes.

The sixth in the series published under RUSI’s Project Sandstone, this report reveals a large-scale, coordinated effort to evade sanctions by North Korea. 

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WRITTEN BY

James Byrne

RUSI Senior Associate Fellow

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Joe Byrne

Former RUSI Research Fellow

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Gary Somerville

Former RUSI Research Fellow

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